Satellite Array Proposed for Axion Dark Matter Detection

This paper proposes a novel approach to searching for axion-like dark matter using an Artificial Precision Polarization Array (APPA), a satellite network comprising multiple pulsed signal transmitters and a dedicated receiver satellite. The motivation behind APPA is to mitigate the observational uncertainties that limit conventional ground-based methods, such as pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) and pulsar polarization arrays (PPAs). These uncertainties arise from multiple unknown and periodic physical effects, which complicate data analysis. To assess the sensitivity of APPA, the researchers generated simulated observations using Monte Carlo methods and investigated the sensitivity using both Likelihood analysis and frequentist analysis. The simulations indicate that APPA can achieve a tighter upper limit on the axion-photon coupling parameter (g_{aγ}) compared to ground-based observations for the axion mass range of 10^{-22} to 10^{-18} eV. Furthermore, a larger spatial distribution scale of the satellite network corresponds to a greater advantage in detecting axions with lighter masses. This research highlights the potential of space-based experiments to overcome the limitations of ground-based observations in the search for dark matter. The APPA concept offers a promising avenue for improving data fidelity and enhancing detection sensitivity. The use of Monte Carlo methods to generate simulated observations adds rigor to the analysis, providing a more realistic assessment of the sensitivity of the APPA. The study's findings have implications for the design and optimization of future dark matter experiments, as well as for the development of more sophisticated data analysis techniques.

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