BBH Mergers Calibrate Spectral Siren Cosmology

This study presents a novel approach to calibrating spectral siren cosmology using synthetic catalogs of binary black hole (BBH) mergers. By developing a BBH population model based on Normalizing Flows and training it on synthetic data, the researchers aim to mitigate biases in the determination of the Hubble constant (H0). The use of BBH mergers as standard sirens offers a promising avenue for probing cosmic expansion, but the degeneracy between redshift and source mass requires careful calibration.

The validation of this approach with mock BBH datasets demonstrates its ability to recover the true distribution and eliminate systematic biases in H0 inference. The application of this model to GWTC-4.0 data yields a value for H0 that is consistent with other measurements, but the study also highlights the degeneracy between H0 and the fraction of binaries formed in dynamical environments. This suggests that further refinement of the BBH population model is necessary to fully disentangle these effects and obtain a more precise measurement of H0. The success of this approach hinges on the accuracy of the astrophysical prescriptions used to generate the synthetic BBH catalogs and the quality of the gravitational wave data.

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