Inflationary Gravitational Particle Production Impacts Dark Matter Physics

This research explores the phenomenological impact of inflationary gravitational particle production on dark matter (DM) physics. The study posits that large-scale DM fluctuations generated during inflation behave as gravitational particles upon their post-inflationary horizon reentry, altering the conventional Boltzmann dynamics of DM with a non-conserving source term. Within this framework, the researchers analyze four distinct types of DM classified according to their production mechanisms: Inert Dark Matter, WIMPy, UFOy, and FIMPy. The late-time enhancement of the DM number density, driven by the successive horizon reentry of gravitationally produced low-momentum modes, enlarges the viable parameter space for both thermal and non-thermal DM scenarios. Remarkably, this expanded parameter space remains consistent with current constraints from ΔNeff and Lyman-α bound. This work is significant because it provides a new perspective on dark matter production and evolution, potentially resolving some of the challenges in explaining the observed dark matter abundance and properties. The implications extend to the design and interpretation of future dark matter detection experiments, as the altered dynamics may affect the expected signals.

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