Lunar Tomography via Gravitational Waves: Mapping the Moon's Interior

This paper explores the feasibility of using gravitational waves to perform tomography of the Moon, aiming to constrain its internal structure. The approach leverages the expected advancements in gravitational wave astronomy and renewed interest in lunar geophysical instrumentation. The core of the research is a perturbative framework that connects spherically symmetric perturbations of the Moon's elastic and density structure to measurable changes in its seismic response to gravitational waves. This framework combines a normal-mode representation of the elastic response, first-order perturbation theory, and a linearized observation model. The study suggests that observations of calibrated gravitational waves could significantly reduce the estimation errors of the Moon's elastic parameters. This research has implications for future lunar missions, potentially improving our understanding of lunar resources and the Moon's geological history. Further development and validation of this framework are crucial to realizing its full potential. The use of gravitational waves opens new avenues for probing the interiors of celestial bodies, offering a complementary approach to traditional seismological methods. This could lead to a more comprehensive understanding of planetary formation and evolution.

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