Quantum Sensors for Axion Dark Matter Detection

This paper proposes a direct axion dark matter (DM) search using superconducting transmon qubits as quantum sensors. Axion DM generates an oscillating electric field that causes the excitation of the qubit, which can be detected as a signal. The authors provide a theoretical consideration of the excitation process, taking into account the effects of the shielding cavity surrounding the qubits. They estimate the signal rate for axion DM detection and discuss the enhancement of the DM signal by using cavity resonance and entangled quantum sensors realized by a quantum circuit. Combining these two effects, the proposed method can reach the parameter region suggested by QCD axion models. This research explores a novel approach to dark matter detection using quantum technology. Further experimental work is needed to validate these theoretical predictions and develop practical axion detectors based on quantum sensors. The development of quantum sensors is supported by various national funding agencies.

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