Strong Lensing Boosts Hubble Constant Measurement with Dark Sirens

This paper proposes a novel method for measuring the Hubble constant, H0, using strong lensing of dark sirens, gravitational-wave events without identified electromagnetic counterparts. The method combines strong lensing of dark sirens with strong lensing of galaxies to infer H0 from the luminosity distances of lensed dark sirens and the redshifts of their host galaxies. The study uses a simulated galaxy catalog, MICECATv2, as the basis for simulating strong lensing of galaxies and to provide the redshift information of host galaxy candidates. The results demonstrate that using only 8 strongly lensed dark sirens, analyzed with a dedicated galaxy-galaxy lensing catalog, can improve the precision of H0 by roughly 50% compared to 250 unlensed events.

The significance of this research lies in its potential to provide an independent and complementary probe for measuring the Hubble constant, which is currently subject to a significant tension between early and late Universe measurements. By leveraging the phenomenon of strong lensing, the method can significantly improve the precision of H0 measurements using gravitational waves. This is particularly important because dark sirens do not require electromagnetic counterparts, making them more abundant than bright sirens.

However, the accuracy of this method depends on the accuracy of lens modeling and the completeness of galaxy catalogs. Incompleteness in galaxy catalogs can bias the resulting H0 inference. Future research will likely focus on improving lens modeling techniques and developing more complete galaxy catalogs. Furthermore, the method could be extended to include other cosmological parameters, such as the matter density parameter.

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